The difference between grants, gifts and alms

Definition of Grant

Understanding of grants according to language

Grant in language means giving. Namely giving something without rewards.

In the KBBI dictionary, the grant is interpreted by: giving (voluntarily) by diverting the right to something to others.

Grants can be in the form of material objects (Iron) As in the Word of God Tap,

He gives to anyone he wants femininity and give those who want to be masculine

“He (Allah) bestowed the daughter who was him will and bestowed him the son of him.” (QS. Asy-Syura: 49)

And it can also be in the form of meaningful (non-physical) things as in the Word of God Tap,

And we have compassion for us

“And give us a blessing from your side.” (Surah Ali Imran: 8)

Understanding of grants according to the term fiqh

As for the terms or terminology of fiqh, Grant is a thingThe transfer of ownership of an object, without rewards, while still alive and carried out voluntarily, without any element of coercion.

The grant aims to move the ownership of objects, so it does not include the transfer of debt ownership and benefits such as: “ARIYAH” (lend), “Harvest” (Banquet), and “Waqf”. The grant is done without rewards, so it is not included in the sale and purchase agreement. Grants only occur as long as the giver is still alive, so it does not include a will whose transfer occurs due to death. Grants are voluntary without the element of coercion, so it does not include “zakat” and “kafarat”, because zakat and the law are mandatory.

Between grants, gifts, and charity: what is the same?

Grant (gift), gift, and alms have a close time. All of which are the act of transferring ownership or giving assets to others without rewards.

However, there are differences between these three things. Grants and gifts, aiming to establish affection with people who are given, while alms are solely intended to find rewards and draw closer to God StoryMiss who the person is given property.

Sheikh Islam Ibn Taimiyah Rahimahullah said,

“Alms is what is given solely because of God, as a pure worship without any other purpose for certain people, and without expecting any purpose from Him; given to those who are entitled to receive alms, such as people who need wealth.

As for gifts, the goal is to glorify certain people, both for love, because of friendship, or to expect something … If that is clear, then charity is more important, except in gifts there is meaning that makes it more important than charity. An example is a gift to the Prophet Sallallaahu ‘Alaihi wa Sallam during his life for his love. Another example is giving gifts to relatives to continue their friendship, and to their siblings to God. This may be more important than charity. ” (Advanced ‘al-Faw, 31: 269)

Sheikh Ibnu ‘Utsaimin Rahimahullah also once explained the difference between the three,

“Know that the expenditure of property voluntarily (without the element of coercion) can be in the form of grants, gifts, and alms. When the main purpose is a gift from the afterlife, then that is Give. When the goal is to form love and friendship, then that is Present. When the aim is to benefit the recipient, then that is grant.

This is the difference between the three. Establishing affection and friendship is something that is recommended in the Shari’a and aims to find the reward of the hereafter, but the reward of the hereafter is not the main goal in it. Therefore, gifts are given to certain people. As for alms, it is not devoted to certain people, but is given to the poor who are encountered. All of them agreed that the three of them were purely giving, the givers did not want any rewards. “ (Ash-Syarh Al-Mumti ‘, 11: 65)

All types of worship are highly recommended by the Prophet Shoullahu ‘alaihi wasallam For a Muslim, because of the magnitude of the virtues in it and the amount of benefits obtained by others from the act.

There is a difference between alms and two others for the person of the Prophet Muhammad Shoullahu ‘alaihi wasallam and byte members Radhiyallahu ‘anhum. The grants and prizes are halal for them, but charity is illegal for them. This is as told by Abu Hurairah Radhiyallahu ‘anhu,

God’s messenger, hopefully God’s prayer and peace is on him, is he coming with food, He was asked about Him: dedication or charity? If it is said: charity, he said to his friends: eat, and he does not eat, and if it is said: a gift, he hit his hand, hopefully the prayer and peace of God is on him, so he eats with them

“If he comes with the Prophet Sallallaahu ‘Alaihi Wasallam, he will ask: This is a gift or charity? If he was answered, then he said to his friends: Eat these foods! And he did not eat it. But if he answered, he put his hand on the food and eating it with his friends.” (HR. Bukhari no. 2576 and Muslim no. 1077)

Grant

Grant found in the Qur’an, As-Sunnah, and ijma ‘.

The proposition of the Qur’an

Allah Story said,

For you, you have something from it, and they eat it.

“Then if they surrender to you a portion of the dowry with pleasure, then eat (take) the gift (as food) that is delicious again as a result.” (QS. An-Nisa ‘: 4)

If a wife gives part of her dowry to her husband after being given to her, then the husband may take it; And that is a good gift as long as it is done with a pleasure.

Allah Story Also says,

But the truth is one of the times of God, the last day, crying, books, prophets, and high money for the love of Sake and Sake like that and two messengers

“However, virtue is the virtue of those who believe in God, the last day, angels, books, prophets, and give the property he loves to relativesorphans, poor people, travelers (need help) and those who beg. “ (Surah Al-Baqarah: 177)

Including virtue is to provide wealth with love and hospitality, whether to relatives, poor people, or those who have blessings, and all are grants and alms. Lord Story Also says,

And they work together with truth and piety

“And help you in (doing) welfare and fear. “(Surah Al-Ma’idah: 2)

So the grant is also a virtue that a Muslim is required to always help and work together in doing so.

As-Sunnah’s argument

Many hadiths show a grant schedule, charity, and prizes and organized. Among them is what Aisha tells Radhiyallahu ‘anha, that the Messenger of Allah Shoullahu ‘alaihi wasallam say,

You love you

“Give each other’s gifts, surely you will love each other.” (Hours. Bukhari no. 594)

Abu Hurairah was also narrated by Abu Hurairah Radhiyallahu ‘anhu, that the Prophet Muhammad Shoullahu ‘alaihi wasallam say,

O Muslim women, don’t hate neighbors to her slaves, even if a sheep is a sheep

“O Muslim women, Do not be a neighbor underestimating (giving) his neighbor, Even though it’s only a goat’s feet. “ (HR. Bukhari no. 2566 and Muslim no. 1030)

Among the faidahs that we can learn from this hadith is not to hesitate and refrain from giving gifts to our neighbors even though it is a little. And vice versa, no matter how small the gift given by others, a Muslim should not underestimate him and become his obligation to appreciate the person’s gift and accept it with a feeling of joy. Prophet Muhammad Shoullahu ‘alaihi wasallam Also once said,

If I was invited to my arms or a lot, I would answer, and if I gave me an arm or bouncing, I would accept me.

“If I was invited to (meal) arms or leg bones (animals), surely I would accept it. And if I was given a gift of arms or leg bones (animals), surely I would accept it.” (Hours. Bukhari no. 5178)

Argument ijma ‘

All Muslims agreed that grants were prescribed in Islam, no one of us broke it. This is because the grant will realize affection and intimacy between people, as well as fostering love and respect among members of the community. With the realization of mutual morals, they will create care and mutual help in society, as well as the closeness and intimacy between them. Wallahu a’lam bisshowab.

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Also read: Differences of Grant and Testament

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Writer: Muhammad Idris, Lc.

Article Muslim.or.id