Biography of Imam Malik bin Anas

Number

He is Imam Abdullah Malik bin Anas bin Malik bin Abu Amir bin Amr bin al-Harith, whose lineage reaches Ya’rub bin Yashjuban bin Qahtan al-Asbahi. His grandfather, Abu Amir, is a noble friend.

Birth

Imam Malik Bin Anas is one of the great figures in Islam, Imam Dar Al-Hijrah, was born in Medina. There was no agreement in the history of the year of birth, several narrations mention that Imam Malik was born between 90 AH to 97 H. But what was strengthened about the year of the birth year of Imam Malik was in 93 Hijriyah in Medina, namely the year of the death of Anas bin Malik, Assistant of the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam.

Growth

Imam Malik grows in a family that focuses on the science of hadith, in an environment that is fully dedicated to hadith and science. His grandfather, Malik bin Abi Amir, was one of the major figures among Tabi’in, who narrated from Umar bin Khattab, Uthman bin Affan, Thalhah bin Ubaidillah, and Aisyah, the mother of the believers. His son, Anas, also known as Abu Malik, as well as Rabi ‘and Nafi’ (known as Abu Suhail), narrated from him. However, it seems that his father, Anas, was not too much involved in the hadith. Nevertheless, his grandfather and uncle played a very role in shaping the scientific of the family. This makes Imam Malik’s family known as a very prominent family in science. Before Imam Malik, his brother named Nadr also followed the path of science, often around the scholars and learned from them. Imam Malik grew up in Medina with a life full of adequacy, security, and opportunity to pursue knowledge. He does not know work or trade, and is not interested in trips or crafts. The only goal is to seek knowledge and narrate the hadith.

Imam Malik began to focus on science in the tenth year after the first century (110 Hijri), in the same year as the death of Al-Hasan Al-Basri. He learned from several major scholars, including: Nafi ‘, ​​who became his teacher and he was very following him; Sa’id Al-Maqbari; Nu’aim al-Mujammir; Wahb bin Kaysan; Az-Zuhri; Ibn Al-Munkadir; Amir bin Abdullah bin Az-Zubair; Abdullah bin Dinar; Zayd bin Aslam; Sufyan bin Sulaim; Ishaq bin Abi Talhah; Muhammad bin Yahya bin Hibban; Yahya bin Sa’id; Ayyub as-sakhtiyani; Abu Az-Zanad; Rabi’ah bin Abi Abd Al-Rahman, and many others from the ulama of Medina. Therefore, he rarely narrated the hadith from people besides science experts from his hometown, Medina.

Physical characteristics

Imam Malik has a high and large body, with a large head too. Her hair and beard are white, and some say that the beard reaches his chest. Some sources say that he has blue eyes. He used to wear fine white clothes from Yemen. Ashhab said, “If Imam Malik wore a turban, he would put it under his chin, with the tip of the turban dangling between his shoulders.”

Khalid bin Khudasy said, “I have seen Imam Malik wearing a very good veil and luxury clothes, and it is said that he does not like clothes that are too luxurious. He considers it as excessive action and does not change his white.”

His teacher and his students

Imam Malik Rahimahullah Taking knowledge from many scholars, including: Nafi ‘, ​​Sa’id al-Maqbari, Amir bin Abdullah bin al-Zubair, Rabi’ah bin Abi Abdulrahman, Ibn Al-Minkadar, Al-Zuhri, and Abdullah bin Dinar.

Imam Malik Rahimahullah Having many countless students and friends, they are scattered in various regions of the Islamic world, such as Egypt, Africa, Andalusia, and Iraq.

1. In Egypt: Ibn al-Qasim (W. 191 H), Ashhab (W. 204 H).
2. Africa: Asad is Al-Furat (d. 214 H).
3. Undlusia: Yahya bin Al-Lythhi (d. 224 H).
4. In Iraq: among his followers who spread the sectors were Abdulrahman bin Mahdi bin Hasan al-Anbari (d. 186 H) and Abdullah bin Muslimah bin Qan’ab al-Tamimi al-Harthi (d. 220 hours); From these scholars, and others, it began the spread of the Maliki sect.

Priest Sunnus Sunnah walah

Imam Malik is one of the sectarian priests. Imam hadith and fiqh. One of the hadith books is Al-You will be able to which is so famous. Imam Malik is also a priest Sunnus Sunnah walah who have straight confidence based on the Qur’an and As-Sunnah based on the understanding of the ummah salauful. In his book, Al-you will be able to ‘, He compiled a dignified chapter, the book of Al -Qur’an. Imam Malik wrote everything about the Qur’an in his book and also interpreted the Qur’an. Anyone who studies the life of Imam Malik, he will understand that he lives in the Qur’an, both in knowledge and charity.

Imam Malik is also a scholar who adheres to the sun and also the sun’s defenders. As for the manhaj and faith of Imam Malik, he Rahimahullah Not to compile books Al-You will be able to Except to maintain the principles of Ahlus Sunnah from the attacks of the Jahmiyyah group and Ro’yu Expert (Those who first thought).

Also read: Biography of Imam Ibn Al-Jauzi

Said Imam Malik in the problem of faith

There are many history of Imam Malik in the field of faith, including:

His opinion about faith

Qadhi ‘Iyadh said that many scholars said, “I hear Malik say: Faith is speech and deed, increasing and decreasing, and some faith is more important than others.” [1]

His opinion about you’

Sufyan bin ‘Uyaynah said: Someone asks Malik about God’s Word Tap,

The most compassionate above the equivalent throne

“Ar-Rarahman Sweep ‘Arsy.’ [2]

“How should he stay?”

So Malik was silent for a long time until sweat soaked his face. We never saw Malik angry because of a conversation like his anger about this question. People are waiting for what he will say, then he said,

Leveling is known, and how it doesn’t make sense, and the question about this is heresy, and the belief in it is the task, and I think you are lost, issue it

“You’ It is known (its meaning), how can not be reached by reason. Ask about this is Bid’ah, And believe it is mandatory. I see you are the missing person, remove him! “

The man shouted, “O Abu Abdillah, by Allah Lord (Sesebahan who is entitled to be worshiped) Besides him, I have asked about this problem to the residents of Basrah, Kufa, and Iraq, but I did not find someone who was the answer like you. ” [3]

His opinion about the Qur’an

Ibn Abi Uwais said that Malik said,

Al -Qur’an is the word of God, and the word of God from God, and nothing created by God

“The Qur’an is the kalam of God, and the kalam of God comes from Him, and there is nothing from God who is a creature.” [4]

His opinion about seeing God Story

Qadhi ‘Iyadh Rahimahullah Tells, Ibn Nafi ‘and Ashhab said, “I asked Abu Abdillah about the words of Allah,

An updated face ۙ The Lord is a view.​

“The face (believers) on that day shines, looking at his Lord.” [5]

“Will they see God with their eyes?”

He replied, “Yes, with their eyes.” [6]

Papers

1. Risalatu and Al-Qadr, Written by Imam Malik to Ibn Wahb, and brochure This is still there.
2. Has writing about the stars and the position of the moon narrated by Sahnun. At present, this book has not been found, but this book is very famous in its time and is a reference.
3. Risida fi-aqdia, It was told by Muhammad bin Yusuf bin Matruh, from Abdullah bin Abduljalil.
4. Brochure To Abu Ghassan Muhammad Bin Mutarrif.
5. Imam Malik also had a writing on the Qur’anic interpretation narrate by Khalid bin Abdulrahman al-Makhzumi, who was later narrate by qadhi iyadh, from Abu Ja’far Ahmad bin Said, from Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Al-Hasan Al-Muqri ‘,
6. Brochure For Al-Laits about Medina’s opinion.
7. Words of Imam Malik, who have been fired by scholars Al-Mudawwana, Al-Hadeh, and others.
8. And the most famous of his work is a book Al-Muwatta ”.

Said the scholars about Imam Malik

Abu Hanifah, “By Allah, I have never seen someone who is faster in giving an answer from him, someone who is honest and has perfect simplicity.”

Asy-Shafi’i said, “If you come to Malik’s history, hold it tightly.” He said, “If the news, then Malik is the star.” He said, “Anyone who wants to study the hadith, then he must lean on Malik.”

Imam Ahmad said, “Malik is the leader of scholars, and priests in the hadith and fiqh.”

Died

Muhammad bin Sa’d Said, “Imam Malik Sighed for a Few Days, and I Asked Some of His Family About What He Was Saying During his day. They said, ‘he said the confession, said,” It only belongs to Allah all matters, both before, ” The body was led by Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Ibrahim bin Muhammad bin Ali bin Abdullah bin Abbas, who at that time was the Governor of Medina.

Also read: Know the Books and Author Ath-Thahawiyah Creed

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Writer: Gazzeta Raka Putra Setyawan

Article Muslim.or.id

Reference:

Translated and summarized by the author from the web alakah.net

Footnote:

[1] Taman Al-Madarik WA Volume 2.

[2] QS. Thaha: 5

[3] And Nihyahah is Gharib al-Hdits, IBN EXCEPTION Job, 2: 208.

[4] Tazyiin Al-Mamalik Ri 4 Malaq Aleqi Aleqi Ail, As-Suyuthi’s work, p. 19.

[5] QS. Al-Qiyamah: 22-23.

[6] Happy al-madarik wa abies al-Maligal, 2: 82.